The Eastern and Northeastern parts of Sri Lanka are highly vulnerable to cyclones that develop in the Bay of Bengal during the months of November and December. The North central and Northwestern partshave also been affected by the cyclones but to a lesser degree. The Department of Meteorology under the purview of the Ministry of Disaster Management and Human Rights, was mandated to issue warnings in the case of cyclones.

Major floods in Sri Lanka are associated with the two monsoons. During the Southwest monsoon season (May-September), the Western, Southern and Sabaragamuwa Provinces have high risk of being affected by the floods. During the Northeast monsoon (December-February), the Eastern, Northern and North central Provinces are also prone to the floods. Rivers along the Western slopes of the hilly central areas also cause floods to the lower plains of Kalu Ganga and Kelani Ganga, particularly during these periods. For more information: http://www.meteo.gov.lk/index.php?lang=en